Update GPU drivers (clean install)
Download the latest game-ready driver from NVIDIA / AMD / Intel. Use DDU (Display Driver Uninstaller) in Safe Mode once a year to wipe stale driver leftovers. Game-ready drivers routinely add 5–15% FPS in new titles.
- 01Boot Windows into Safe Mode (Shift + Restart → Troubleshoot → Advanced).
- 02Run DDU, select 'Clean and shutdown'.
- 03Boot normally, install the latest driver — uncheck GeForce Experience / Adrenalin extras.
- 04Reboot, run a 3DMark Time Spy run as a baseline.
Tune Windows for performance
Windows ships with background services that steal frames. Strip the OS to gaming mode before tuning the game itself.
- 01Settings → System → Display → Graphics → set every game to 'High performance'.
- 02Enable Hardware-accelerated GPU scheduling.
- 03Disable Xbox Game Bar, background recording, and 'Capture what just happened'.
- 04Power Plan → Ultimate Performance (or High performance on laptops).
- 05Disable Visual Effects → 'Adjust for best performance' (or keep font smoothing).
In-game settings that actually matter
Most settings are placebo. These five give you 80% of the FPS gain at 20% of the visual cost.
- 01Shadows: Medium → Low. Biggest single GPU win.
- 02Volumetric fog / clouds: Off or Low. Hidden frame killer.
- 03Anti-aliasing: TAA or DLAA at native res — avoid MSAA 8x.
- 04Post-processing / motion blur: Off. Smoother and clearer.
- 05Reflections / screen-space reflections: Low. Rarely noticed in motion.
Cap your framerate
Letting FPS run uncapped wastes power, raises temps, and adds input lag. Lock it just below your refresh rate.
- 01144 Hz monitor → cap at 141 fps.
- 02240 Hz monitor → cap at 237 fps.
- 03Use the in-game cap first, then RTSS, then NVIDIA Control Panel as a fallback.
- 04Enable G-Sync / FreeSync + V-Sync off in-game for tear-free, low-lag gameplay.
Upscaling: DLSS, FSR, XeSS
Modern upscalers render at lower resolution and reconstruct to native. Free performance with near-zero quality loss at Quality preset.
- 01NVIDIA RTX → DLSS Quality (or DLAA if you have headroom).
- 02AMD / older NVIDIA → FSR 3 Quality + Frame Generation if supported.
- 03Intel Arc → XeSS Quality.
- 04Avoid 'Performance' / 'Ultra Performance' presets on 1080p — they look soft.
Cooling, thermals, and undervolting
A CPU/GPU that hits its thermal limit will throttle and lose 10–30% of its frames. Cool silicon is fast silicon.
- 01Clean dust from intake/exhaust fans every 6 months.
- 02Re-paste the CPU every 2–3 years (PTM7950 if you can find it).
- 03Undervolt the GPU in MSI Afterburner — typical 5–10% lower temps, same FPS.
- 04Set a custom fan curve — silent below 50°C, aggressive above 70°C.
Benchmark and verify
You can't tune what you can't measure. Always benchmark before and after each change.
- 01Use CapFrameX or PresentMon for frametime data.
- 02Track average FPS, 1% lows, and 0.1% lows — stability matters more than peaks.
- 03Run the same scene 3 times, take the median.
- 04Document changes in a notes file. Revert if 1% lows drop.